Horn of the main body, include: 1. To support the sound box (horn) 2. The framework of basin magnet 3. 4. Coil elastic wave 5. 6. Sound basin edge structure as shown in figure

When level after the music signal to convey to the horn (i.e., indicating the size of coil magnetization data) using the physical function of magnetic pole, as a campaign against magnetic or basin of attraction to make the sound for the overburden movement, and the basin sound vibration of air, which generate sound, and decided the horn sound quality, the good and bad depends on (horn frame, magnets, sound basin, the material of elastic wave selection).

Empty paper cone speaker structure

Now along with the increase of computer users, the users to buy the computer multimedia speakers also more and more. According to the survey, the number of users to buy multimedia speaker has exceeded the number of traditional family speakers. To choose a good multimedia speakers, it is necessary to pay attention to the aspect of many, including appearance, enclosure, circuit, interface, horn, etc. But many consumers will put more attention on appearance and ignoring the speaker inside. In fact, is the most can't ignore the selected speakers speakers this important link. Therefore, this content will be along with you to meet the horn, know some featured products, for your choice to excellent multimedia speakers provide a useful reference.

Why is the horn is the soul of the speakers?

Multimedia speakers on the market are a diverse group, but no matter which kind of, is the horn, power amplifier circuit and enclosure which composed of three parts. And horn is one of the most important component, is the soul of the speakers. Any voice characteristics are shown by speakers, including timbre distortion degree, (the reduction degree of sound, sound and voice frequency band width, etc.), these are the basic requirement of a horn. Horn determines a speaker most of the technical parameters, although a good speakers are the result of all links of integrated performance, but the speaker is its soul. Good speakers don't have a good voice, but no good speaker certainly did not have a good voice!

Thus, when we are in the purchase of multimedia speakers, in addition to choose our own like appearance, the first is to choose a adopted excellent horn speaker products.

Preliminary understanding the horn

We commonly known as the "horn", also called speakers, speaker of the size, shape and material, determines the characteristic of the speaker. In theory, a speaker unit is mainly composed of four parts, respectively, the sound basin, voice coil, suspension system, and the magnet. Voice coil is wound on the magnet can be electrified coil, after the current signal into the speaker monomer is through the voice coil. This time also produce a magnetic field, voice coil itself with the original magnet attract or repel each other, the vibration of the phenomenon, because of the vibration speed is very fast, sound basin using the fast vibration energy, promote the sound basin in front of the air and people's ears can hear the sound.

What is a multimedia magnetically horn?

The name "anti magnetic" is often heard in multimedia speakers. Because the speaker with high magnetic magnets, after electrify voice coil creates a magnetic field. When we are using the computer will usually put the horn in on both sides of the screen, if the speaker did not prepare necessary magnetic shielding, magnetic field generated by a horn is the stability of the interference to the normal screen or computer. So the multimedia computer trumpet shell must have magnetic treatment. In a nutshell, magnetic treatment is a magnet for external use soft iron (easily magnetized metal) do a cover, change to the radiating the direction of the magnetic field lines form closed loops, in order to avoid influence the easy magnetization near electrical equipment.

From the perspective of sound, what are the speakers monomer partition?

We can often see that a speaker (especially the 2.0 amp) on the box body has two sperker, a larger diameter and diameter is very small. And noticed that the size of the subwoofer only a 2.1 amp large sperker, its satellite box is useful two speakers, there is also a horn. Why is this?

Speaker unit "acoustic energy transformation" role, will sent the electrical signal into sound output of the power amplifier, is the most critical functions of the speakers, speakers of performance indicators and quality performance, depends largely on the performance of speaker unit. Therefore, making good speakers prerequisite is to choose excellent speaker unit. Technical performance parameters of the speaker unit, a trumpet the ideal condition including: bearing power, low distortion, wide frequency response, good transient response, high sensitivity, and so on. But in fact, in the 20 hz - 20 KHZ the human ear can perceive the whole frequency range, make a horn above both technical performance is very difficult, tube too wide tend to attend. Therefore, the most effective solution is the sound frequency replay, for different frequencies of sound, adopt special speaker unit, rather than just using a horn.

Some speaker is only responsible for low frequency music, known as the bass unit; Playing alto alto unit, while high unit only responsible for treble. So can take corresponding design, will do better each unit performance.

Though a whole band horn is used to manufacture the speakers, but for the above reasons, with the combination of multiple cells to cover the entire audio spectrum or account for the vast majority of the design of the way. Concrete with a few units, depends on the frequency range of frequency division, if they are simply divided into high and low sounds (or low) of two binary frequency sound box, choose held high (or low) two horn is enough; If it is of high, medium and low three three points frequency sound box, then have to use a minimum of 3 unit only, now two bass unit parallel operation mode of design are also popular, so the total could reach four unit number. For higher requirements of the speakers, and more detailed classification, here is not fine.

So to sum up, from the Angle of cover band range, can be divided into the bass speaker unit, soprano, alto units units and the whole frequency band.

The woofer unit

From change can in principle, by far the most common bass unit and alto unit belong to electricity-powered loudspeaker, they use the taper basin of diaphragm, because the design of the diaphragm of the shape of mature and good performance. Diaphragm material is varied, the traditional paper-based diaphragm, also has high polymer synthetic materials such as polypropylene production of diaphragm, and metal materials such as aluminum, magnesium and diaphragm. To the requirements of the diaphragm is rigid (not easy to produce segmentation vibration), light weight, good transient response, with appropriate internal damping properties (restrain resonance), but these requirements are not easy to meet at the same time, the weight of the paper diaphragm and damping characteristics can meet the requirements, but not rigid enough; Metal diaphragm rigidity is very good, but the damping and poor; Polypropylene membrane is better to take into account the various aspects of vibration, get more application in recent years.

The whole band horn unit

Full band horn unit can cover high and low frequency at the same time, the diaphragm vibration can be produced from low to high frequency sound. In whole frequency band unit, a single paper cone type, double paper cone type and coaxial type 3 kinds. Among them, the single basin and double paper paper unit are integral structure. And coaxial type unit, it is two units to do together constitute a multichannel device. In today's multimedia speakers speakers, adopted by the MaiBo V12 full band horn has distinguishing feature very much.

Dust cap to seal the sponge, diaphragm + edge to voice coil, centering support chip - basin - plate - T iron - steel - magnetic shields

M20, meanwhile, has used the new design of the speaker (model as follows: 9 nt), also very the attention, "he said. A few days ago, we got the speakers and dismantling. Although it is not yet know the specific design and material, but this does not hinder us to combine other products, for everyone to do a knowledge popularization, the main part of the interpretation of the speaker for you.

Must first be clear, the speaker of the species has a lot of, but we see one of the most common is the dynamic cone speaker. The general by the magnetic circuit system (plywood, T iron, magnetic steel), vibration system (diaphragm and voice coil) and supporting auxiliary system (centering piece, basin, etc.) and so on three most.

Note: the term has a variety of, and different unit is not the same as the actual use occasionally, when you read pay attention to the reference pictures.

Page 2: the dust cap and seal sponge

What we see now, it is dust cap and seal the sponge part of the unit. Among them, the latter literally it is easy to understand, it is mainly between the unit and the cabinet seals, to prevent the abnormal flow of air. In the following, we focus said the former - dust cap. Dust cap, also called dust cover, the protuberant part is the picture, as the name suggests, it is the role of the main dust. Its for the entire unit system sound effect, effect is not large, influence is very small. And that is to say, soon you will dust cover down, unit can still work normally, and voice changed little.

However, no change is not to say that a little bit change. The stand or fall of dust cap, the high frequency performance has a certain influence. This is related to the shape of the dust cap and material, for example in the early years of the yarn quality, and the dust cap is good - the light quality, small gas resistance.

Page 3: diaphragm (drum paper) and fold the ring

Now, let's take a look at "diaphragm + fold ring". Among them, the diaphragm is our plain way, the professional term is a little drum paper (also called paper cone).

M500 enhanced version of the low-frequency unit

We say first drum paper, paper is sound units of sound radiation devices, to a considerable extent determine the burst performance of speaker. So, no matter which kind of drum paper, wants to light and good rigidity, not by environmental temperature, humidity change and deformation.

For a long time, the mainstream of drum paper material and pulp, mainstream or pulp, cheap one aspect, on the other hand, easy to make the horn diaphragm required complex curved surface. At the same time, there are other materials. Among them, early has joined the synthetic materials, metal materials, the material such as films, now have to join the material such as polypropylene, carbon fiber, titanium metal drum of paper.

Ring is in order to ensure the paper basin along the speaker's axial movement, limit the lateral movement and Settings, at the same time have the effect of block the flow of air before and after the paper cone dare. Fold the ring material in addition to the commonly used drum paper material, also used plastic, rubber, etc., after thermal bonding on the paper cone.

Voice coil is cone paper cone speaker drive unit, it is made of thin copper wires in two layer around the paper pipe, generally around dozens of circle, placed in guide magnetic core column and permeability board composition in the magnetic gap. At this point, the current through the can produce a magnetic effect, and interaction in the magnet, and cause vibrations. Then, it will drive the above the diaphragm part of the vibration.

Understand the principle, the problem also came. Because, want to strengthen power, needs to increase current. And so, need to line diameter increased. So, for magnetic gap also increases. But the increase of axial magnetic gap and will lead to decline in power. So, in this issue, need to compute a relative suitable value.

So is there a way to solve? There are! We often see some products will promote: big voice coil, it is without changing the size of the magnetic gap, increasing the diameter of the voice coil, thus to improve the power.

Centering support chip, sometimes called the center positioning, its role is to support the joint of the voice coil and paper cone, ensure its vertical and not skewed. Centering on a chip has many concentric ring, make the voice coil in the magnetic gap free to move up and down and not make lateral movement, ensure the voice coil with magnetic plate collision.

In addition, centering on a piece of dust cover, its role is to prevent external dust, such as magnetic gap, to avoid dust and voice coil caused by friction, and thus make the speaker produces the phenomenon of abnormal sound.

Early, centering support chip USES is GeMa basketwork, now use cheaper chemical polymer fabric instead. And in addition to material, centering the piece of corrugated shape, density, height, and also will affect the noise performance curve, etc.

T iron, also known as electric iron, its material is soft iron, pure iron. T iron is the main characteristics such as permeability, but there is no residual magnetism, and the meaning of this sentence is in the magnetic field disappeared, T iron magnetic also immediately disappear. So, T iron for purity and quality requirement is very high, it will directly affect the nonlinear distortion and other important parameters.

In addition, the thickness of the plywood will affect the speaker's stroke, but generally speaking, long stroke of the speaker requires special thick plywood. In this way, voice coil in the entire movement process can cut parallel and uniform magnetic field lines.

Moreover, plywood and T iron column is smaller, the gap in the voice coil and the smaller the power you need. So, there is often with magnetic fluid. So, many narrowed the splint and T iron column in the distance, improve the power of the speaker. Of course, this also can take away the quantity of heat quickly of voice coil.

And magnetic steel, and it is also commonly referred to as a magnet, permanent magnets, etc., but the magnetic steel is more accurate. Speaker assembly before, this part is not magnetic. It is in and T iron, plywood, adhesive glue, the magnetization, the magnetization on got magnetic (permanent magnet).

In addition, the greater the magnetic flux, the current motion in the magnetic field force. So, in order to improve the power of the speaker, magnetic steel on the material selection is exquisite, had better choose strong magnetic material. Among them, the early magnetic steel consists of several hard metal, such as iron and aluminum, nickel, cobalt and other synthesis, is sometimes copper, niobium, tantalum synthesis. Now, often using the rubidium iron boron.

Finally, we simply say the basin and the magnetic shields. Basin is the speaker support auxiliary system, between vibration system and magnetic circuit system.

Basin with good rigidity and strength requirements, because, if enough, these two magnetic basin in speaker work will produce resonance, which affect sound. At present, the basin has a stamping iron plate, aluminum alloy die-casting, enhanced engineering plastics. Among them, the more high quality speaker use aluminum basin.

In addition, the shape of the installation and detail parts of the basin also has exquisite. Because it will influence on the stress distribution. In this regard, some very high-end manufacturers do very well, while most of the factory is not very attention.

As for the magnetic shields, also known as shield, as the name suggests, is the cover magnetic shielding effect. At present, the vast majority of the units have adopted magnetic shields.

Above is the basic component of a speaker, and in addition, there are lead, etc. But the main part, is the above. Speaker, however, there are many, we are just introduced one of the most common dynamic cone speaker, and interested friends, you can search some other types, know more about.